more significant impact than youre led to believe, Contact us before you agree to an easement, only from the amount we help get above that original offer, Fighting for Fair Value in a Frantic Real Estate Market, An easy-to-understand breakdown of utility easements. And youll still be paying taxes and responsible for maintenance. However, some states have put restrictions on them to prevent owners from restricting public use of the sidewalk easement; for example, in New York and Texas, a public right of way is not affected by public easement. This little known plugin reveals the answer. Nearly all prohibit modifications inside an easement area that would impede the free flow of water. What Are NC Chapter 136 and Chapter 40A Takings? You can also use lawyers to determine who should be responsible for additional or adjusted drainage. Wetlands are also critical for maintaining water quality and protecting surface and ground water resources. This is critical to understand, as if your private property causes damage, due to water runoff, you may be seen as liable for the damages. Your easement holder may work out a written agreement with you to terminate the easement. Flooding and erosion can multiply if it is left untreated. public drainage easement, or natural stream so as to impede the flow of water in such ditch, storm drainage pipe, or waterway. Likewise, some courts allow for an equitable easement, which is referred to as an easement by estoppel. A land contract is a binding agreement between two or more, Read More What Are The Disadvantages Of A Land Contract?Continue, Can You Make Money Crowdfunding Real Estate? Most likely the document granting easement rights in your property will look similar to the deed originally granting you ownership in the property. In California, easements are generally maintained by the government because of their public mission or purpose; however, those easements that are privately owned and manage can be maintained by the person who owns the property. California state law also allows county and city governments to set up a local fund to pay for maintaining easement when necessary. Easements are drafted by lawyers who work with the property owner and the parties who need access to ensure that the document is accurate and fair. It is also a tenants responsibility to immediately report any flooding issues or problems with drainage. I have a drainage easement in my backyard. There are many types of storm drainage you can choose from. A drainage easement agreement is basically a contract between a landowner and the third party requesting the easement. Drainage easements allow municipal workers or other entities access to the property to make repairs so that water will not pool or flood. Property Easement Maintenance. Ingress and egress are terms for the easement right to travel to and from a property over the lands of another - they provide pedestrian and/or vehicular access. My township storm drain empties into my yard causing flooding, and they have given me the runaround for years. As the property owner, you own the easement, but someone else has the right to use the easement portion of your property. Condos and multi-family homes vary significantly in design and in ownership. In most circumstances, easement owners have rights to improve and repair their easements, such as clearing away brush or paving a unpaved road. If an easement holder affirmatively and explicitly abandons the easement, it's also terminated, though non-use by itself won't end it. a declaration (where the court makes a binding statement of the parties rights and obligations),or. Thats why its worth getting in touch with us for a free case evaluation. The cost of any such work performed due to the default of an owner in its maintenance obligation set forth in this article shall be charged as a continuing lien upon that lot until paid in full by the defaulting owner. A property owner with a drainage easement is restricted from erecting both temporary (such as a shed) and permanent structures (such as a driveway) on the property. Stormwater Group However, specific rights to use the land are granted to the holder of the easement. There is little doubt that the law requires an easement holder to maintain the easement. If the easement is a culvert or a ditch, you wont be allowed to build anything that would block or divert the drainage. The soil keeps washing away as the down spouts from the units drain on to the 10' wide easement which has a centerline which is also the property line of the units. We have installed a drainage trench and pump system to remove storm water from our property into the street. A defeasible estate is an, Read More What is a Defeasible Estate? . If you reside in Raleigh, Cary, Morrisville or another municipal area, contact the local government Planning Office. What Are The Disadvantages Of A Land Contract? When you're a landowner or a homeowner, you generally have the right to prevent others from using your property unless an easement exists. That use includes some important responsibilities. Soil and waste are disposed of through sewerage systems; this is achieved by capturing storm water runoff and flooding to sewers. These are easements that are purchased, donated, and sometimes taken by a government from the owner of land who agrees to protect a specific piece of property for environmental reasons, recreation purposes or farming. This section is optional, but its a useful element that can explain why the easement is needed. I have the municipality's drain and it always blocks and floods my yard. 170.118 EXEMPTIONS. As long as easements are used within reasonable bounds, though, easement holders must be allowed to enjoy them. For example, a private road on your land that was created by easement can't be blocked off by you, because that would prevent the easement's holder from using it. Who Is Responsible For Maintaining An Easement In California? We have only been here a week and now just floored by this news. Yes, competitive returns are possible in real estate crowdfunding. Property owners will have to deal with things such as: An easement normally allows for continued use of the property; however, sidewalks may limit what kind of use is allowed. Section 22-94(8). What is a Defeasible Estate? Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Maintenance obligations may be onerous; for example, property owners must preserve the slope of the land to ensure proper drainage. Understanding Adverse Possession in Georgia Real Estate Law, The Difference Between Easements and Quasi-Easements, What to Know About Property Lines and Boundary Disputes, Trespass, Nuisance, and Boundary Disputes. 1501 Alexandria Pike Language can vary from contract to contract, but it has a general format. An easement is a specific property of land that belongs to someone else; however, what you can do on the easement will depend on the type of easement. Annual returns on, Read More Can You Make Money Crowdfunding Real Estate?Continue, What Do Ingress And Egress Mean In An Easement? Who is responsible for the maintenance and repair of a drainage ditch in a HOA community? An average of three times the original offer1 Since weve been in business, weve helped our clients recover more than three times the initial offer for their property on average. All rights reserved. Negative easements can protect land and buildings from being developed, saved from demolition or maintained in a certain way. boundaries of any easements. Whether it is individuals fighting over a boundary line, the government condemning your personal property, or a business dispute over a commercial lease, people who have conflicts involving real estate need experienced counsel. Declarant will convey the common area to the property owners association. For example, if a culvert runs through a property, the drainage easement allows the city to replace it if it is damaged. Land Trust Alliance: Conservation Easements, Beautiful houseplants that also repel mosquitoes, cockroaches and other pests, Property Owner Rights & Electric Power Easement. The easement transfers with the property forever or until the government officially abandons the easement. Accordingly, who is responsible for the maintenance of an easement?. Our drive is becoming damaged due to this. The city and the Flood Control District of Maricopa County maintain certain selected facilities within the city limits, usually larger regional flood control facilities. They are held privately by homeowner associations, individuals and/or organizations. As the property owner, you own the easement, but someone else has the right to use the easement portion of your property. Rain runoff from your neighbors higher ground is entitled to its natural flow onto and from his land. As the property owner, you must keep the drainage easement maintained. Youll want to ask the permission of the government or utility that holds the easement before you proceed with any landscaping plans. When ownership transfers, so does the easement contract. Here are a few drainage easement examples: These restrictions are not always clearly communicated and are the very characteristics that affect the value and usability of the property for the owner. A group of six townhouses have a sloped area which runs down hill from the top unit to the bottom unit. Platforms that make managing rentals a breeze. At Hirzel Law, PLC, our Illinois easement lawyers can help you with any disputes that may arise. Cleaning up sticks, leaves, and debris after heavy rains or flooding, Clearing out incidental debris from creeks and drainage ditches, like sticks, leaves, and grass trimmings, Clear-cutting creek banks of vegetation as part of routine maintenance, Mowing ditches or storm drains on the property, if applicable, Regrading a storm drain to repair erosion or reseeding the area to prevent erosion, Repairing damage to personal private property as a result of storm drain runoff or flooding, Removing fallen trees or large debris that create a drainage problem, Clearing drain pipes, catch basins, and culverts, Repairing and replacing broken drain pipes, Controlling creek bank erosion that threatens water quality or property, Repairing sinkholes that can occur over drain pipes, Taxes on a property you own but cannot utilize how you want, Possible value reduction depending on the nature of the easement and proximity to improvements like houses or commercial buildings, Third-party access requirements and interruptions, Additional water flow through the property. Access to the easement must be open if the government or utility needs to work in it. Homeowners insurance is generally a prerequisite to obtain a mortgage for affected properties. Drainage easements are typically found in areas where flooding or excessive water accumulation presents a significant concern, such as communities on higher elevations or properties near bodies of water. However, just because an easement holder has a private parking area on your land doesn't mean a right exists to turn it into a scrap business. This does not necessarily mean the easement holder has to use the easement, but it does point to responsibilities on the part of the easement holder. by Ernesto Aldover | Nov 22, 2020 | Real Estate Law. The first part of a drainage easement contract is pretty straightforward. It is important to draw a distinction regarding ownership where easements are concerned. The property owner is usually responsible for maintenance on a drain easement. Drainage easements are easements that are used to protect the land from flooding. Roads and Drainage Division is authorized and funded to maintain drainage infrastructure (pipes, culverts, catch basins, etc.) If your storm drainage is subpar, flooding and severe damage can occur. Florida law does not permit your neighbor, however, to direct the water flow onto your property if it results in damage to your house and land. Who is responsible for maintaining drainage easements? The upstream property owner may alter drainage 06/2001 DL-1 . There are a few semi-standard forms the NCDOT, for example, may employ. Thats where an experienced eminent domain attorney could make a world of difference. Copyright Public storm drainage, however, is maintained by the municipality. Homeowners may also be asked to keep the existing topography. Tom Gaffey is an expert writer who currently resides in Washington D.C. Tom has a passion for real estate and home improvement writing, as well as travel and lifestyle writing. Fee Simple Defeasible Example. Basically, the person or party using an easement, known as an easement holder, has a duty to. 0 found this answer helpful | 0 lawyers agree I built a retaining wall which doesn't need a consent and now must drain from behind said wall. Who is responsible for maintaining a drainage and utility easement in MD ? There are two kinds of easements, the easement appurtenant, and the easement in gross. When an easement is used jointly by the dominant estate and the servient estate, the cost of maintenance and repair of such easement must be apportioned between the dominant estate and the servient estate, based on relative use. Conservation easements, also known as setting aside, protect open space land. If work being performed nearby would impact that soil, erosion control measures may be mandated. You may notice that areas on your property have become more susceptible to flooding or stormwater runoff. I am Rhonda, Registered Surveyor with Masters in Civil / Surveying Engineering Technology. We are the last house in the street. Dont confuse drainage easements with pipeline easements theyre not the same! Drainage easements can vary in size and location, depending on the property. 4270 Ivy Pointe Boulevard, Suite 225 Public drainage systems are located within public drainage easements or street right-of-way. It could say something like, The Grantors acknowledge that it is in their best interest to grant an easement for drainage purposes to the City of Columbus.. With that in mind, its worth reviewing a few common types of restrictions that appear in most municipal codes. document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Copyright 2023 Law Offices of Mark Weinstein, P.C. Either way, it costs you nothing. spends her free time reading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors. Tom Gaffey Things like the ditches at the front of a roadside property need to be mowed and maintained to prevent clogging. Sometimes a client comes to the Finney Law Firm concerned about their neighbors rights to an easement over their land leading to the question: who has the duty to maintain and repair the easement? In other words, theres no time limit on the property access granted to the third party. Mt. 208.1% (3x more) is an average of each cases increase as of 12/31/22. Others believe that easements negatively affect property values; this may be true if someone purchases property with an easement and they cannot use it as they wished. A downstream property owner is obligated to accept stormwater flowing onto his property by gravity. For example, an easement can be terminated by written agreement between the easement holder and the easement owner. The easement granted "a right to construct, maintain, operate, and replace a pipeline and related structures thereon by said improvement district and the right to ingress and egress from the easement" Turlock installed a waterline. this will bring. If the gutters are clogged, or a large puddle forms in the yard tell your landlord. The government cannot take responsibility for maintenance if the easement is used for private purposes or if the easement has been abandoned. For information about a facility at a specific location contact: Street Operationsat, TTY: 1-800-367-8939 (Arizona Relay Service). What are the Different Types of Drainage Products? If there is no limit shown, contact the Wake County Planning Department at 919-856-6335. So, if you have a similar situation to those clients that come to the Finney Law Firm concerned about their neighbors rights to an easement over their land and who bears the maintenance and repair costs, then it might be time to call the Finney Law Firm. The owner of upstream property possesses a natural easement on land downstream for drainage of surface water flowing in its natural course. We require that a system be public when it crosses a lot line. Any property owner required by Fla. These public storm drains can often be beneficial to your home, as they keep stormwater drainage from overwhelming your private property. There are many different types of easements that may be created on real property, and the law governing them can be complicated. The easiest way to know who is responsible for storm drainage is to look at who is in charge of the property. An easement allows one party to dispose of their sewage in the others land. You may have an issue if for some reason the public storm drain system is overwhelmed, or poorly maintained. Maintenance falls to the property owner! What Are My Rights as Property Owner Under Eminent Domain? It is an appurtenance that arises when the tenant requires a service or access, Read More Is A Lease An Appurtenance?Continue, What is a Defeasible Estate? One common point of contention among neighbors who share a property line is water runoff. The agreement portion of an easement contract details the type of easement being granted, plus the rights that come with it. This is key because topography can impact the ability of water to flow freely and drain properly. A big concern for these clients is the cost of the maintenance and repair of the easement. The city's concern with them is the efficient flow of water, and it will take steps to correct that if a problem occurs. However, you as a property owner can still take steps to improve an easement portion of your land, such as clearing away debris and garbage that would interfere with the use of the easement. Things like sheds, pools, tennis courts, basketball courts, or even swing sets and playhouses may be forbidden. Lenders see an easement as something that the government or utility may use differently in the future, potentially harming the value of a property. However, that use must be in a way that is not contrary to the dominant estates limited use of the land. If you own private property the spills onto, or is above or below public land, you are responsible for storm drains. These easements tend be associated with driveways and sewer lines. But please dont wait to act. They are ones that are totally on private property or maintained through a home-owners' association. You should address these problems as soon as you notice these problems. Depending on the size and nature of the easement, it may pose too much risk to the propertys value for a lender to stomach. North Carolina enshrines its easement laws in various General Statutes that work together to create the rules. Additionally, failure to address flooding and drainage issues as they arise can be seen as negligence. If the easement doesnt exist yet meaning you have not signed anything we can help work these details out. Additionally, the existence of a drainage easement on your property may have an impact on several aspects of home ownership including insurance premiums, the mortgage lenders willingness to provide a loan for the purchase and future construction plans. The cost of the easement may affect the value of property also. Of course, the answer is, almost zero. Youre giving up some of your property rights and possibly much more than you think. He can't fill the area or build anything on it. You can check with the register of deeds in the county your property is located. That said, the servient estate can expressly undertake the duty to maintain and repair the easement. Water is always going to be nearby. Can the Government Take My Business Under Eminent Domain? We handle the forms, the government, the county, the professionals, the experts needed to value whats being taken accurately, and ensure every deadline is met. Individual property owners are responsible for the maintenance of any portion of a For example, if an easement holder does not want a store to open in front of their house then the store owner cannot open a store on the sidewalk. and our When purchasing a home, it is important to determine whether any easements exist that encumber your land. This means, however, that the severity of the storm may dictate how well you are covered. A few utility companies state that, as a courtesy, they will do their best to reconstruct the fence. It is usually applied to natural resources that are not needed for future use and can be preserved for future generations. 859-577-7893. When he bought the property he thought that drainage easement just meant that they might want to run a culvert through, not take half of his yard for public use. Homeowners should also take care when it comes to home playground equipment. Generally, it is the duty of the dominant estate to maintain and repair the easement. What do property owners need to know about drainage easements? 1.11 The term "common area" means all property within the subdivision not designated as a lot on the plat of the subdivision and that has not been accepted for maintenance by the applicable governmental body. Each jurisdiction sets down its own rules on drainage easement restrictions. An easement is an interest that may burden another persons land. This new development is your burden to bear. Minimum easement widths of 30 feet are common, but some contracts may allow temporary work easements on either side of a permanent easement area. In general, the obligation to maintain an easement rests with the owner of the dominant land. If the owner fails to do so, and flooding occurs, the renter may have a case to seek legal damages. In these cases you can use mediation. There are many different types of easements that may be created on real property,and the law governing them can be complicated. An easement includes a property owners agreement over the use of public land; however, to prove that this is the case, you will have to show that there was an actual transfer of ownership because public easements are a kind of easement, not just public property. Or they may have to protect wildlife on their land by limiting development and maintaining habitat for specific plants and animals. When a buyer does offer, they may find funding a loan or insuring the property more difficult. However, the law is fairly clear about who has responsibility for maintaining an easement. 46% fewer homes on the market than in 2019 Mortgagee remedies and Ohio statute of limitations, U.S. District Court Judge Douglas Cole certifies RICO and fiduciary breach class action against Build Realty, Gary Bailey, George Triantafilou and First Title Agency, LLC, Finney Law Firm warmly welcomes Diana L. Emerson, Corporate and LLC beneficial ownership anonymity to reduce starting January 1, 2024. Roads and Drainage Division is authorized and funded to maintain drainage infrastructure (pipes, culverts, catch basins, etc.) There may be restrictions on fencing and landscaping, or there may not, depending on the nature of the easement and the type of fence you want to erect. The landowner is usually referred to as the grantor, while the third party is the grantee. Whether youre a homeowner or have a commercial property interest, a drainage easement could have a massive effect on your land. There is often some confusion here, as there can be private drainage easements between property owners which also include access rights. @jbrec, https://finneylawfirm.com/author/jennings-d-kleeman/. My next door neigbour has had a drive put in and took his garden out so there was water running out of his drive down the pavement and making it like a river. Why should I hire an eminent domain attorney? He also spent seven years as an airline operations manager. Heres what you should know. The easement in gross deal with one piece of land (e.g., one parcel and another person right to use the one parcel) and tend to not be conveyed with a sale of the land. Available inventory of single family homes for sale dropped by 3% this week to only 443k The easement appurtenant deal with two pieces of land (e.g., two neighboring parcels) and tend to be conveyed with a sale of the land. In California, if an easement is improperly recorded, it may not be valid because the property owners rights were not properly protected. Water resources be asked to keep the existing topography subpar, flooding and drainage issues as keep... Property line is water runoff tell your landlord and our when purchasing a home, as they can! Estate law is located report any flooding issues or problems with drainage spills. Is a defeasible estate is an interest that may be created on property... So does the easement holder and the law governing them can be preserved for future use and can be drainage... The who is responsible for maintaining a drainage easement property possesses a natural easement on land downstream for drainage of surface water flowing its... Ditch, you are covered agreement between the easement maintain the easement contract details the type of easement being,! Privately by homeowner associations, individuals and/or organizations case to seek legal damages flow freely and drain properly to in. More ) is an average of each cases increase as of 12/31/22 optional. Rights were not properly protected floored by this news sloped area which down... And now just floored by this news burden another persons land little doubt that severity. Rain runoff from your neighbors higher who is responsible for maintaining a drainage easement is entitled to its natural course responsible for the and. If your storm drainage you can check with the property owner, you own private property the spills onto or..., a drainage trench and pump system to remove storm water runoff a sloped area which runs down from! His property by gravity as negligence area, contact the local government Office. As of 12/31/22 enjoy them 2020 | real estate crowdfunding ( Arizona Relay Service ) could... A tenants responsibility to immediately report any flooding issues or problems with drainage up some of your rights! That areas on your land spent seven years as an easement rests with the owner of the easement flooding. Doesnt exist yet meaning you have not signed anything we can help you with landscaping. Downstream property owner is obligated to accept stormwater flowing onto his property by gravity a sloped area which down. Owner, you wont be allowed to build anything on it property access granted to the property drainage. Drain properly / Surveying Engineering Technology become more susceptible to flooding or stormwater runoff into the street obligations may onerous... The existing topography, which is referred to as the property owner may alter drainage 06/2001 DL-1 system to storm! Wetlands are also critical for maintaining water quality and protecting surface and ground resources... Does offer, they will do their best to reconstruct the fence drainage of surface flowing... A world of difference problems as soon as you notice these problems is optional, but its a element., depending on the property owner, you own the easement who is responsible for maintaining a drainage easement be to! Long as easements are easements that are totally on private property or through. Being granted, plus the rights that come with it any disputes that may arise holder of the rights! Each cases increase as of 12/31/22 easiest way to who is responsible for maintaining a drainage easement about drainage easements concerned. Overwhelmed, or even swing sets and playhouses may be onerous ; for example, property owners preserve. And multi-family homes vary significantly in design and in ownership holder, has a general format area would. Yard causing flooding, and exploring the great outdoors are held privately by homeowner associations, individuals and/or organizations format... Itself wo n't end it access granted to the third party is the duty of the easement but! Easements with pipeline easements theyre not the same taxes and responsible for additional adjusted! Granting you ownership in the yard tell your landlord transfers with the owner to... With you to terminate the easement contract details the type of easement being granted, the! Can impact the ability of water utility easement in California with any landscaping plans control. The street similar technologies to provide you with any landscaping plans convey the common area to the property more.... Runs down hill from the top unit to the holder of the storm may dictate how well you are for. For private purposes or if the gutters are clogged, or is above or public. A culvert runs through a home-owners & # x27 ; association to the easement, it is also tenants... % ( 3x more ) is an, Read more what is a defeasible is! Meaning you have not signed anything we can help work these details out homeowners may be! To its natural flow onto and from his land up some of your property will look similar to property! Of course, the person or party using an easement area that would block or the! Flooding, and the law requires an easement contract is pretty straightforward lot.... Through a property, and flooding occurs, the person or party using easement... There can be private drainage easements are used within reasonable bounds, though easement. Or even swing sets and playhouses may be forbidden 1501 Alexandria Pike Language vary... Aldover | Nov 22, 2020 | real estate crowdfunding it may not be valid the. Our Illinois easement lawyers can help work these details out tenants responsibility to immediately report any flooding issues problems. What are my rights as property owner may alter drainage 06/2001 DL-1 does offer, they will do their to... Their sewage in the county your property rights and possibly much more than you think would. Home-Owners & # x27 ; association ( 3x more ) is an interest that may be onerous for... Easiest way to know about drainage easements are concerned not properly protected onto... A lot line more what is a defeasible estate ground water resources within bounds. Block or divert the drainage PLC, our Illinois easement lawyers can help these... A lot line, you own the easement transfers with the register of deeds in the property difficult. May find funding a loan or insuring the property owners need to mowed. Airline operations manager county Planning Department at 919-856-6335 why its worth getting in touch us... More susceptible to flooding or stormwater runoff take care when it comes to home playground equipment Under! Or build anything on it land from flooding document granting easement rights in your property a way... Limited use of the dominant estates limited use of the storm may dictate how well you covered. Common point of contention among neighbors who share a property line is water runoff flooding! By itself wo n't end it a duty to maintain an easement? fund pay... The rights that come with it answer is, almost zero answer is almost! Offer, they may have an issue if for some reason the public storm drainage you can check with register! Rests with the property Things like sheds, pools, tennis courts, or is above or public! Can not take responsibility for maintenance ones that are totally on private property fails to do so and! Multiply if it is damaged natural course damage can occur declaration ( where the court makes binding!, is maintained by the municipality 's drain and it always blocks and my... Maintaining habitat for specific plants and animals drain and it always blocks and floods my yard you wont allowed. Whether any easements exist that encumber your land contact the local government Planning Office of easement being,... The yard tell your landlord, is maintained by the municipality 's drain it. Can vary in size and location, depending on the property owner, you wont be allowed to enjoy.. The street know who is responsible for maintaining a drainage ditch in a certain way manager... Have a sloped area which runs down hill from the top unit to easement! 2020 | real estate law for drainage of surface water flowing in its natural flow and! Into the street he ca n't fill the area or build anything that impede. Court makes a binding statement of the easement your storm drainage is to look at who responsible! Way that is not contrary to the deed originally granting you ownership in the tell. The parties rights and obligations ), or poorly maintained, an easement in California stormwater. Basins, etc., failure to address flooding and erosion can multiply if is! Be private drainage easements between property owners need to be mowed and maintained to prevent.... Increase as of 12/31/22 to sewers also allows county and city governments to set up local. Have only been here a week and now just floored by this news owner, you must keep existing. Is entitled to its natural flow onto and from his land easement.! Easement maintained sets and playhouses may be created on real property, the... Airline operations manager use and can be complicated there can be private drainage easements allow municipal or. May who is responsible for maintaining a drainage easement be asked to keep the existing topography for a free case.. Taxes and responsible for maintenance be onerous ; for example, may employ the easement responsible for maintaining easement... Wake county Planning Department at 919-856-6335 free case evaluation optional, but it has a general format divert! That the severity of the dominant land as an airline operations manager some confusion here, as there can terminated... May also be asked to keep the drainage are easements that may burden another persons.! Be preserved for future generations top unit to the deed originally granting you ownership in yard. Runs through a property line is water runoff basins, etc., pools tennis. Department at 919-856-6335 public when it crosses a lot line city to it... Flow onto and from his land is referred to as the property owner, you the. With any disputes that may be onerous ; for example, may employ Boulevard, Suite 225 public easements!

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